Birth and childhood
7 BC – AD 9
37–4 BCRulers and high priests
Herod the Great, king of Judea12
Matt 2:1 Luke 1:5
Named king by Rome 40 BC; took Jerusalem 37 BC; died 4 BC
27 BC – 19 Aug AD 14Rulers and high priests
Caesar Augustus, emperor
Luke 2:1
27 BC – 19 August AD 14; a decree from Caesar Augustus
(Luke 2:1)
c. 7–5 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Gabriel appears to Zacharias in the temple3
Luke 1:5–25
In the days of Herod, the king of Judaea
(Luke 1:5)
c. 7–5 BCGalilee and the north
Gabriel announces Jesus' birth to Mary3
Luke 1:26–38
At Nazareth, in the sixth month
of Elisabeth's pregnancy
c. 7–5 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Mary visits Elisabeth; Mary's song
Luke 1:39–56
c. 7–5 BCGalilee and the north
An angel speaks to Joseph in a dream
Matt 1:18–25
thou shalt call his name JESUS
(Matt 1:21)
c. 7–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
John the Baptist is born3
Luke 1:57–80
About six months before Jesus (Luke 1:26, 36)
c. 6–4 BCRulers and high priests
Decree that all the world should be taxed
4
Luke 2:1–5
Joseph and Mary go from Nazareth to Bethlehem, the city of David
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Jesus is born in Bethlehem3428
Matt 1:25–2:1 Luke 2:1–7
laid him in a manger
(Luke 2:7)
Scripture fulfilled: Mic 5:2 (as stated in Matt 2:5–6)
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Angels appear to shepherds28
Luke 2:8–20
keeping watch over their flock by night
(Luke 2:8)
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Named Jesus on the eighth day
Luke 2:21
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Presented in the temple: Simeon and Anna
Luke 2:22–38 Lev 12:2–4
About forty days after the birth (Lev 12:2–4)
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Wise men from the east worship him15
Matt 2:1–12
They found the young child
in the house
(Matt 2:11)
c. 5–4 BCSamaria, Perea and beyond
Flight into Egypt15
Matt 2:13–15, 19–21
Out of Egypt have I called my son
(Matt 2:15)
Scripture fulfilled: Hos 11:1 (as stated in Matt 2:15)
c. 6–4 BCJudea and Jerusalem
Herod kills the boys of Bethlehem15
Matt 2:16–18
from two years old and under
(Matt 2:16)
Scripture fulfilled: Jer 31:15 (as stated in Matt 2:17–18)
c. 4 BCGalilee and the north
Back from Egypt to Nazareth15
Matt 2:19–23 Luke 2:39
Archelaus ruled Judea, so Joseph turned aside into the parts of Galilee
4 BC – AD 6Rulers and high priests
Archelaus reigns in Judea11
Matt 2:22
in the room of his father Herod
(Matt 2:22); deposed by Augustus AD 6
c. 4 BC – AD 39Rulers and high priests
Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea11
Luke 3:1 Matt 14:1–12 Luke 23:7–12
Herod the tetrarch
, who killed John the Baptist; to AD 39
4 BC – AD 33/34Rulers and high priests
Philip, tetrarch of Ituraea11
Luke 3:1
Died in Tiberius' twentieth year, AD 33/34, after 37 years
AD 6Rulers and high priests
Census of Judea under Quirinius (Cyrenius)4
Acts 5:37
Judea becomes a Roman province; Judas of Galilee rebels in the days of the taxing
(Acts 5:37)
AD 6–15Rulers and high priests
Annas, high priest13
Luke 3:2 John 18:13
AD 6–15; still a leading figure in AD 33 (John 18:13)
AD 6–26Rulers and high priests
Roman prefects govern Judea
Coponius, Ambivius, Rufus, then Valerius Gratus (AD 15–26)
c. AD 7–9Judea and Jerusalem
In the temple at Passover, aged twelve29
Luke 2:41–50
about my Father's business
(Luke 2:49)
c. AD 9–29Galilee and the north
Grows up at Nazareth, the carpenter
Luke 2:40, 51–52 Mark 6:3
Jesus increased in wisdom and stature
(Luke 2:52)
Beginnings: Jordan, Judea, Samaria1
AD 29–30
AD 28/29 – c. Nov AD 30Judea and Jerusalem
John the Baptist preaches and baptizes5
Luke 3:1–18 Matt 3:1–12 Mark 1:1–8
in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar
(Luke 3:1)
June AD 29 – November AD 29Samaria, Perea and beyond
Baptized by John in the Jordan2324
Matt 3:13–17 Mark 1:9–11 Luke 3:21–23
Thou art my beloved Son; in thee I am well pleased
(Luke 3:22)
c. September AD 29Judea and Jerusalem
Tempted in the wilderness forty days
Matt 4:1–11 Mark 1:12–13 Luke 4:1–13
c. December AD 29Samaria, Perea and beyond
First disciples: Behold the Lamb of God
24
John 1:19–51
Andrew, Simon Peter, Philip and Nathanael, at Bethabara beyond Jordan
c. February AD 30Galilee and the north
Water made wine at Cana1
John 2:1–11
This beginning of miracles
(John 2:11)
c. March AD 30Galilee and the north
A few days at Capernaum with his family
John 2:12
April AD 30Judea and Jerusalem
Drives the traders out of the temple306
John 2:13–25
Forty and six years was this temple in building
(John 2:20)
c. April AD 30Judea and Jerusalem
Nicodemus: Ye must be born again
John 3:1–21
For God so loved the world
(John 3:16)
c. May AD 30 – c. Nov AD 30Judea and Jerusalem
Ministry in Judea: He must increase
John 3:22–36; 4:1–3
His disciples baptize; John says of him He must increase, but I must decrease
c. November AD 30Samaria, Perea and beyond
John the Baptist put in prison by Herod25
Luke 3:19–20 Matt 4:12; 14:3–5 Mark 1:14; 6:17–20 John 3:24
For reproving him over Herodias his brother Philip's wife
c. December AD 30Samaria, Perea and beyond
The woman of Samaria at Jacob's well26
John 4:1–45
There are yet four months, and then cometh harvest
(John 4:35)
The great ministry in Galilee1
AD 31 – Mar AD 32
c. January AD 31Galilee and the north
Preaches in Galilee, Repent
Mark 1:14–15 Matt 4:17 Luke 4:14–15
c. January AD 31Galilee and the north
Heals a nobleman's son from Cana
John 4:43–54
the second miracle
in Galilee (John 4:54)
c. January AD 31Galilee and the north
Rejected at Nazareth16
Luke 4:16–30
This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears
(Luke 4:21)
c. January AD 31Galilee and the north
Makes his home at Capernaum
Matt 4:13–16
dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast
(Matt 4:13)
c. February AD 31Galilee and the north
Calls four fishermen: fishers of men
Mark 1:16–20 Matt 4:18–22 Luke 5:1–11
Simon Peter, Andrew, James and John, by the sea of Galilee
c. February AD 31Galilee and the north
Capernaum: Simon's wife's mother healed
Mark 1:21–34 Matt 8:14–17 Luke 4:31–41
Also an unclean spirit cast out in the synagogue on the sabbath
c. February AD 31Galilee and the north
First preaching tour of Galilee
Mark 1:35–39 Matt 4:23–25 Luke 4:42–44
c. March AD 31Galilee and the north
Heals a leper
Mark 1:40–45 Matt 8:2–4 Luke 5:12–16
c. March AD 31Galilee and the north
A paralysed man let down through the roof
Mark 2:1–12 Matt 9:1–8 Luke 5:17–26
Son, thy sins be forgiven thee
(Mark 2:5)
c. March AD 31Galilee and the north
Calls Matthew (Levi), a publican
Mark 2:13–22 Matt 9:9–17 Luke 5:27–39
Follow me
; a feast with publicans and sinners
c. April AD 31Galilee and the north
The disciples pluck ears of corn on a sabbath8
Mark 2:23–28 Matt 12:1–8 Luke 6:1–5
Grain ripe — a spring between the Passovers of John 2:13 and 6:4
c. April AD 31Galilee and the north
Heals a withered hand; leaders plot
Mark 3:1–6 Matt 12:9–14 Luke 6:6–11
The Pharisees take counsel with the Herodians
(Mark 3:6)
c. May AD 31Galilee and the north
Chooses the twelve apostles
Mark 3:13–19 Luke 6:12–16 Matt 10:2–4
After a night of prayer on a mountain
(Luke 6:12)
c. May AD 31Galilee and the north
The Sermon on the Mount17
Matt 5:1–7:29 Luke 6:17–49
Blessed are the poor in spirit
(Matt 5:3)
c. June AD 31Galilee and the north
Heals a centurion's servant
Matt 8:5–13 Luke 7:1–10
c. June AD 31Galilee and the north
Raises a widow's son at Nain
Luke 7:11–17
Young man, I say unto thee, Arise
(Luke 7:14)
February AD 31 – October AD 31Judea and Jerusalem
Heals a man at the pool of Bethesda9
John 5:1–47
At a feast of the Jews
(John 5:1), on the sabbath
c. July AD 31Galilee and the north
John asks from prison: Art thou he
Matt 11:2–30 Luke 7:18–35
Jesus' answer; woes on the cities; Come unto me
(Matt 11:28)
c. July AD 31Galilee and the north
A sinful woman anoints his feet18
Luke 7:36–50
In the house of Simon the Pharisee; the parable of the two debtors
c. August AD 31Galilee and the north
Second tour of Galilee with the twelve
Luke 8:1–3
Women who had been healed minister to him, among them Mary Magdalene
c. September AD 31Galilee and the north
Accused of casting out devils by Beelzebub
Mark 3:19–35 Matt 12:22–50 Luke 8:19–21
A sign refused but the sign of the prophet Jonas
; his mother and brethren seek him
c. September AD 31Galilee and the north
Parables by the sea: the sower
Mark 4:1–34 Matt 13:1–53 Luke 8:4–18
Also the tares, mustard seed, leaven, treasure, pearl and net
c. September AD 31Galilee and the north
Stills the storm: Peace, be still
Mark 4:35–41 Matt 8:18, 23–27 Luke 8:22–25
c. September AD 31Samaria, Perea and beyond
Heals the demoniac called Legion
27
Mark 5:1–20 Matt 8:28–34 Luke 8:26–39
the other side of the sea
, the country of the Gadarenes
c. October AD 31Galilee and the north
Raises Jairus' daughter; a woman healed
Mark 5:21–43 Matt 9:18–26 Luke 8:40–56
Talitha cumi
(Mark 5:41)
c. October AD 31Galilee and the north
Two blind men and a dumb man healed
Matt 9:27–34
c. November AD 31Galilee and the north
Rejected again at Nazareth16
Mark 6:1–6 Matt 13:54–58
Is not this the carpenter
(Mark 6:3)
c. December AD 31Galilee and the north
Sends out the twelve by two and two
Mark 6:6–13 Matt 9:35–11:1 Luke 9:1–6
c. February AD 32Samaria, Perea and beyond
John the Baptist beheaded25
Mark 6:14–29 Matt 14:1–12 Luke 9:7–9
At the request of Herodias' daughter; Antipas then hears of Jesus
Training the Twelve; journeys north1
Apr AD 32 – Sep AD 32
c. April AD 32Galilee and the north
Feeds five thousand19
Matt 14:13–21 Mark 6:30–44 Luke 9:10–17 John 6:1–15
Near Bethsaida, shortly before the Passover (John 6:4)
c. April AD 32Galilee and the north
Walks on the sea to the disciples
Matt 14:22–36 Mark 6:45–56 John 6:16–21
in the fourth watch of the night
(Matt 14:25)
c. April AD 32Galilee and the north
I am the bread of life
; many turn back
John 6:22–71
many of his disciples went back
(John 6:66)
c. May AD 32Galilee and the north
Pharisees from Jerusalem accuse his disciples
Mark 7:1–23 Matt 15:1–20 John 7:1
Unwashed hands; the tradition of the elders
c. May AD 32Galilee and the north
Near Tyre and Sidon: a Gentile woman's faith
Mark 7:24–30 Matt 15:21–28
Her daughter is healed
c. June AD 32Samaria, Perea and beyond
Decapolis: deaf man healed; four thousand fed
Mark 7:31–8:9 Matt 15:29–38
c. June AD 32Galilee and the north
Pharisees and Sadducees demand a sign
Mark 8:10–12 Matt 15:39–16:4
c. July AD 32Galilee and the north
A blind man healed at Bethsaida
Mark 8:13–26 Matt 16:5–12
On the way, Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees
c. August AD 32Galilee and the north
Peter: Thou art the Christ
Matt 16:13–28 Mark 8:27–9:1 Luke 9:18–27
Near Caesarea Philippi; then he foretells his death and rising
c. August AD 32Galilee and the north
Transfigured on an high mountain
20
Matt 17:1–13 Mark 9:2–13 Luke 9:28–36
Moses and Elias appear; This is my beloved Son
c. August AD 32Galilee and the north
Heals a boy the disciples could not heal
Mark 9:14–29 Matt 17:14–21 Luke 9:37–43
c. September AD 32Galilee and the north
At Capernaum: tribute money; who is greatest
Matt 17:22–18:35 Mark 9:30–50 Luke 9:43–50
His death foretold again; Except ye be converted, and become as little children
c. September AD 32Galilee and the north
His brethren urge him to go to the feast
John 7:2–9
For neither did his brethren believe in him
(John 7:5)
Later ministry in Judea and Perea110
Oct AD 32 – Feb AD 33
c. October AD 32Samaria, Perea and beyond
Goes up to the feast in secret
, via Samaria10
Luke 9:51–56 John 7:10
he stedfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem
(Luke 9:51)
October AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
At Tabernacles: come unto me, and drink
31
John 7:11–52; 8:12–59
Before Abraham was, I am
(John 8:58); they take up stones
c. October AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
A woman taken in adultery22
John 7:53–8:11
He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone
(John 8:7)
c. October AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
A man born blind: now I see
John 9:1–10:21
Then I am the good shepherd
(John 10:11)
c. November AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
Sends out the seventy10
Luke 10:1–24
c. November AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
The good Samaritan; Martha and Mary10
Luke 10:25–42
A lawyer asks who is my neighbour?
; Mary hath chosen that good part
c. November AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
Teaching in Judea: prayer, warnings, parables10
Luke 11:1–13:21
The Lord's prayer again; the rich fool; the barren fig tree; a crippled woman healed
December AD 32Judea and Jerusalem
Feast of dedication: I and my Father are one
31
John 10:22–39
it was winter
; they try to stone him
c. Dec AD 32 – c. Feb AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
Teaches beyond Jordan (Perea)10
John 10:40–42 Luke 13:22–17:10
where John at first baptized
(John 10:40)
c. January AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
Tell that fox
: a warning about Herod10
Luke 13:22–35
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem
(Luke 13:34)
c. January AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
A sabbath meal: the great supper parable10
Luke 14:1–35
A man with the dropsy healed; counting the cost of discipleship
c. January AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
Parables of the lost sheep, coin and son10
Luke 15:1–32
Told when the Pharisees murmured, This man receiveth sinners
c. February AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
The unjust steward; the rich man and Lazarus10
Luke 16:1–17:10
c. February AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Raises Lazarus: Lazarus, come forth
John 11:1–44
I am the resurrection, and the life
(John 11:25)
c. February AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
The council plots; he withdraws to Ephraim
John 11:45–54
a city called Ephraim
near the wilderness (John 11:54)
The last week and the forty days2
Mar AD 33 – May AD 33
c. March AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
Ten lepers healed; one, a Samaritan, returns10
Luke 17:11–37
through the midst of Samaria and Galilee
(Luke 17:11)
c. March AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
The unjust judge; Pharisee and publican10
Luke 18:1–14
c. March AD 33Samaria, Perea and beyond
Perea: marriage, little children, a rich ruler
Mark 10:1–45 Matt 19:1–20:28 Luke 18:15–34
Suffer the little children to come unto me
; his death foretold a third time
c. March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Blind Bartimaeus healed at Jericho32
Mark 10:46–52 Matt 20:29–34 Luke 18:35–43
c. March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Zacchaeus at Jericho: to seek and to save
Luke 19:1–28
Then the parable of the pounds, on the way up to Jerusalem
Friday 27 March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Arrives at Bethany before the Passover2
John 11:55–12:1, 9–11
six days before the passover
(John 12:1)
Sunday 29 March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Rides into Jerusalem on a colt2
Matt 21:1–11 Mark 11:1–11 Luke 19:29–44 John 12:12–19
Scripture fulfilled: Zech 9:9 (as stated in Matt 21:4–5; John 12:14–15)
Monday 30 March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Drives the traders out of the temple again302
Matt 21:12–13 Mark 11:15–18 Luke 19:45–48
Tuesday 31 March AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Last teaching in the temple and on Olivet2
Matt 21:23–25:46 Mark 11:27–13:37 Luke 20:1–21:38
Thursday 2 April AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
The Last Supper2
Matt 26:17–56 Mark 14:12–52 Luke 22:7–53 John 13:1–18:12
Gethsemane and his arrest follow that night
Friday 3 April AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Crucified at Golgotha72
Matt 27:1–61 Mark 15:1–47 Luke 23:1–56 John 18:13–19:42
Friday 14 Nisan; tried by the council, Pilate and Herod; buried before sunset
Sunday 5 April AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
The tomb is empty: he is risen
222
Matt 28:1–15 Mark 16:1–14 Luke 24:1–43 John 20:1–23 1 Cor 15:4–5
the first day of the week
: he appears to Mary Magdalene, to Simon, to the disciples
Sunday 12 April AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Appears to Thomas after eight days
7
John 20:24–31
My Lord and my God
(John 20:28)
Monday 13 April AD 33 – Wednesday 13 May AD 33Galilee and the north
Appears by the sea of Tiberias21
John 21:1–25
A great catch of fish; Feed my sheep
Monday 13 April AD 33 – Wednesday 13 May AD 33Galilee and the north
On a mountain in Galilee: teach all nations
2122
Matt 28:16–20 Mark 16:15–18 1 Cor 15:6
Robertson links it with the appearance to above five hundred brethren at once
May AD 33Judea and Jerusalem
Ascends to heaven from Olivet
2122
Luke 24:44–53 Acts 1:3–12 Mark 16:19–20
being seen of them forty days
(Acts 1:3)
Notes
1Order: Robertson's Harmony of the Gospels (1922). Within a year the months shown are approximate places in that order, not dates given in the Gospels.
2The last week is compressed here; the series' "Holy Week" chart shows it day by day.
3Born before Herod the Great died (Matt 2:1, 19), usually dated spring 4 BC, so c. 6–4 BC. A minority dates Herod's death to 1 BC and the birth to 3/2 BC.
4Luke 2:2 dates the enrolment when Cyrenius was governor of Syria
; Josephus puts Quirinius' census in AD 6, after Herod. Scholars explain this in several ways.
5Tiberius succeeded Augustus on 19 August AD 14, so his fifteenth year (Luke 3:1) was AD 28/29 or AD 29. Counting from his joint rule (AD 12) would give AD 26/27.
6Forty and six years
(John 2:20) from Herod's start, 20/19 BC, gives AD 27/28 (fits an AD 30 cross); from the shrine's completion, 18/17 BC, AD 29/30.
714 Nisan was a Friday on 7 April AD 30 and 3 April AD 33. This chart uses AD 33 (System A); many scholars prefer AD 30, with a shorter ministry.
8John names three Passovers (2:13; 6:4; 11:55). A spring between the first two (Luke 6:1; John 4:35) points to a fourth: about 3½ years. Others count 2–2½ years.
9a feast of the Jews
(John 5:1) is not named: a Passover (Robertson), Tabernacles (Hoehner), Purim or Pentecost. Its date is uncertain.
10Luke 9:51–18:14 gives few places or times. Robertson spreads it over Judea and Perea beside John 7–11; others read it as one journey or as topical.
11Herods in the Gospels: Herod the Great (Matt 2), his sons Archelaus (Matt 2:22), Antipas, Herod the tetrarch
(Matt 14:1), and Philip, tetrarch (Luke 3:1).
12Josephus: Herod died after a lunar eclipse and before a Passover, 37 years after Rome made him king (40 BC) — 4 BC. Some argue for 1 BC.
13Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests
(Luke 3:2): Caiaphas held the office c. AD 18–36/37; Annas, his father-in-law, had held it AD 6–15.
14Josephus: Gratus governed eleven years from AD 15; Pilate followed and stayed ten years, leaving just before Tiberius died (March AD 37) — so AD 26–36.
15The wise men found the young child
in the house
(Matt 2:11); Herod killed boys from two years old and under
. The visit was weeks to two years after the birth.
16Luke 4:16–30 (early) and Mark 6:1–6 with Matthew 13:54–58 (later) are two visits in Robertson's view; others see one visit told in different places.
17Matthew: he went up into a mountain
(5:1); Luke: he stood in the plain
(6:17). Robertson: one sermon, on a level place on a mountain.
18This anointing in Galilee (Luke 7:36–50) is a different one from Mary's at Bethany in the last week (John 12:1–8; Mark 14:3–9).
19The feeding of the five thousand is the only miracle of his ministry told in all four Gospels.
20an high mountain
is not named: Hermon, near Caesarea Philippi (Robertson), or Mount Tabor (an old tradition that Robertson rejects).
21being seen of them forty days
(Acts 1:3): counting Sunday 5 April as day 1, day 40 is Thursday 14 May AD 33, the traditional Ascension Day.
22Mark 16:9–20 and John 7:53–8:11 are missing from the earliest Greek manuscripts and stand in other places in some later ones; the KJV prints them as part of the text. The time of the woman taken in adultery is therefore not known; Robertson placed it the morning after the Feast of Tabernacles.
23about thirty years of age
(Luke 3:23): born c. 6–4 BC and baptized c. AD 29, he was about 32–34 — an approximate age.
24The site is not named. John at first baptized
beyond Jordan (John 10:40); the KJV calls the place Bethabara
(John 1:28), other manuscripts Bethany.
25The Gospels do not name John's prison. Josephus says Antipas sent him to the fortress of Machaerus, on the border with Aretas' kingdom, and killed him there.
26There are yet four months, and then cometh harvest
(John 4:35): taken literally, about December–January; Robertson thought it a proverb.
27KJV: Gergesenes
(Matt 8:28), Gadarenes
(Mark 5:1; Luke 8:26); manuscripts differ. Matthew tells of two men, Mark and Luke of one.
28The Gospels give neither the day nor the season of the birth; 25 December is a later church tradition.
29There is no year 0. Born 6, 5 or 4 BC, he was twelve in AD 7, 8 or 9 (from 5 BC to AD 8 is twelve years).
30John tells of a cleansing at the first Passover (John 2:13–22); the others at the last (Mark 11:15–17). Robertson counts two; many think John moved one event.
31Computed from new moons (NASA): in AD 32 Tabernacles (15 Tishri) began about 9 October and Dedication (25 Kislev) about 17 December, ±1–2 days.
32Mark and Luke tell of one blind man (named Bartimaeus in Mark), Matthew of two; Luke sets it as Jesus came near Jericho, the others as he left.
John 20:31 (KJV)